Composites & Laminates

About composites & laminates

Composites and laminates are engineered materials formed from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct at the macroscopic or microscopic level within the finished structure. These materials are primarily utilized for their high strength-to-weight ratios, stiffness, and chemical resistance. Common types include carbon fiber, known for its exceptional tensile strength and low weight, often used in aerospace and high-performance sporting goods. Fiberglass, or glass-reinforced plastic (GRP), offers good strength, impact resistance, and electrical insulation, widely applied in marine, automotive, and construction industries. G10, a glass-reinforced epoxy laminate, is characterized by its extremely high strength, low moisture absorption, and excellent electrical insulating properties, making it suitable for structural components, electrical insulation, and knife handles. Phenolic sheets and tubes, made from paper or cloth reinforcements impregnated with phenolic resin, provide good mechanical strength, heat resistance, and electrical insulation, frequently used in jigs, fixtures, and electrical switchgear. Selection criteria typically involve the required mechanical properties (tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity), operating temperature range, chemical exposure, electrical insulation needs, and environmental considerations. Dimensions are specified by sheet thickness, panel size (length x width), or tube diameter and wall thickness. Finishes can vary from raw material to polished or coated surfaces, impacting aesthetic and functional properties.