Accumulators & Reservoirs

About accumulators & reservoirs

Accumulators and reservoirs are critical components in hydraulic and pneumatic systems, serving to store fluid under pressure, absorb shocks, and maintain system stability. Accumulators, including bladder and piston types, are designed to store hydraulic energy, dampen pulsations, and compensate for volume changes due to temperature fluctuations or leakage. Bladder accumulators utilize a flexible bladder to separate gas from the hydraulic fluid, offering rapid response and good contamination resistance. Piston accumulators employ a free-moving piston for separation, suitable for higher pressures and larger volumes. Key selection parameters for accumulators include nominal volume (typically in liters or gallons), maximum operating pressure (bar or PSI), operating temperature range, and port size/thread type (e.g., NPT, BSPP, SAE). Materials for accumulator shells are commonly carbon steel, stainless steel, or aluminum, with internal coatings or plating for corrosion resistance. Reservoirs, often referred to as hydraulic tanks or surge tanks, provide a storage volume for the hydraulic fluid, facilitate heat dissipation, and allow for air separation and contaminant settling. Reservoir design considerations include total volume, fluid level indicators, fill/drain ports, and breather filtration. Common materials for reservoirs include steel (mild or stainless) and aluminum, often with internal baffles and external finishes for environmental protection.